Transfer sheet and composition for producing reinkable impressions



May 27, 1941. J. BJORKSTEN ETAL 2,243,073 TRANSFER SHEET AND COMPOSITION FOR PRODUCING REINKABLE IMPRESSIONS Filed Feb. 4, 193a Patented May 27, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT ,OFFICE TRANSFER SHEET AND COMPOSITION FOR rnonucmc. REINKABLE IMPRESSIONS 1 Johan Bjorksten, Chicago, and William J. Champion, La Grange, Ill., assignors to Ditto, Incorporated, Chicago, Ill.

Virginia a corporation of West Application February 4, 1938, Serial No. 188,706

(Cl. ll-41.5)

6 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in transfer media and more particularly to improve-. ments in transfer sheets suitable for use in a typewriter which will give impressions on a contacting sheet which may be re-inked. The invention includes transfer compositions per se.

Transfer sheets which may be used in a typewriter to create impressions on a contacting sheet which are capable of absorbing ink or color material contain an oily or oleaginous material. When an oily or oleaginous material is used alone or solely with pigments or dyes, the impressions, while capable of absorbing color to some extent, are not capable of being re-inked many times without wearing ofi. Copy sheets contacted with the inked impressions therefore soon become smeared and the transferred impression becomes indistinct, after only a few copies have been obtained.

An object of this invention to provide a transfer sheet which when used in a typewriter in the manner of ordinarycarbon'paper, will give impressions on a master sheet of an inkabsorbing material of such permanency that these impressions may be inked, contacted directly with copy sheets, and re-inked thousands of times without wearing oil.

Another object "of this invention is to provide an ink absorbent composition which when coated on a thin, flexible sheet material will be transferable by pressure or impact to a sheet and yet be highly adherent to the sheet, including nonfibrous sheets such as thin aluminum plates.

Other objects and features of this invention will become apparent as the following detailed description progresses, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a perspective view illustrating assembly of the transfer sheet and master copy in a typewriter to produce negative impressions.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view illustratingthe printing of positive copies from the master copy.

In accordance with the invention a thin sheet I. suitable for use in a typewriter is coated with a composition 2 comprising a mixture of an oily or waxy color binding material and a compatible resin adhesion securing agent, the proportion oi. oleaginous material and resin being such as to form a composition which will be transferable to a contacting sheet material by the impact of the keys of a typewriter, the pressure of a pencil or the like, as will ordinary carbon paper.

The suitable color binding agents are oily or waxy materials which are water repellent and absorbent of color material. In general,these color binding agents are of liquid or smeary nature, 7 'and have little adhesive power.

The preferred color binding agents for most color inks are soya bean oil, and paraffin oil. Other'gOOd color binding agents are oleic acid, undecylenic acid, and castor oil. Cedarwood oil, rape seed oil, and olive oil are operative. Solid or semi-solid oleaginous materials such as petrolatum, paraflin wax, lauric or myristic acid, and the like may also be used.

tillates with anhydrous aluminum chloride and.

similar Friedel-Crafts catalysts. The method of obtaining these resins and their characteristics are described in numerous patents, for example that granted to Charles A. Thomas and Carroll A. Hochwalt, No. 1,836,629, issued December 15, 1931. Briefly, the described process consists in agitating petroleum products of unsaturated character, such as, for example, may be obtained by-cracking processes, witha small proportion of anhydrous aluminum chloride for a short period of time, whereby resin is formed by polymerization. The aluminum chloride is subsequently removed and the soluble resin-is recovered from the solution by distillation or evaporation.

Cumar DX-the trade name of a paracoumarone-indene (melting range -85- 5C.) manufactured by Barrett Co. A dark brown opaque solid resin.

Cumar RS-the trade name of a paracoumarone-indene (melting range 45-55 C.)

manufactured by Barrett Co. A dark red-.

dish viscous mass.

Neville R-lO Hard-the trade name of caninerone-indene type (melting range 130-150 C.) manufactured by Neville Co. Clear amber, hard, brittle resin.

Neville R-15 Medium-the trade name of conmarone-indene type (melting range -130 C.) manufactured by Neville Co. Clear amher, hard, brittle resin.

' wax phase, but if used in In one embodiment of this invention the coating of the transfer sheet contains additional substances whosepurpose is mainly to improve the mechanical characteristics of the transfer composition but which also may be color binding agents, although in general they will not be as good color binding agents as soya bean oil, oleic acid, and other liquid oily materials. These additional materials are generally solid or semisolid, of a waxy nature, which are miscible with the fluid color binding agents and the resinous adhesive securing agents. The type and amount of these materials is chosen so as to improve the mechanical characteristics of the composition over what can be obtained in general by the use, solely of ink-binding agents such as soya bean adhesive properties.

very intimately with a liquid wax, they will notbe greatly detrimental.

The proportion of the various ingredients in thetransfer composition may be varied widely.

The adhesive resin may vary from about 1? to about by weight on the basis of resins pin: oleaginous and waxy materials. The most suit-. able proportions, however, will vary according to the type of resin, its compatibility with the oily and waxy materials, and its adhesive power. The resin should not be present in such amount that it will prevent the transfer of the composition by pressure or impact. In the case of Santo resins the preferred proportion will vary from about 10% to 50% by weight on the basis of the resin plus oleaginous material. In most cases these proportions approximately correspond with the per cent on the basis of the entire transfer composition, since the anti-oxidants and dyes, if present at all, will be present in small amount, as 1% or less.

The following formulae given in Table I will serve as examples of compositions which, when applied to base materials such as tissue paper or the like by methods known to the art, form sheets yielding impressions of greatly enhanced carrying sheet is desired, the dyes may be incorporated in these compositions by means well known to the art.

TABLE I Percentage composition Paraffin oil I Santo resin (Standard) (Monsanto) Santo resin 13.813, M. P. 84 0.. Santo resin B-53, M. P. C

Vistanex Paraffin wax, M. P. 180 Paratlln wax, M. P. 155 Parafiin wax, M. P. Carnauba wax Stearic acid Hydrogenated castor oil "I I.

Other suitable formulae including other resins than Santo resins are given in Table H:

TABLE II Percentage composition Neville R-l5 Mediu Vistanex Paraflin wax, M. P. F

oleaglnous materials of the transfer composition may be incorporated if desired, although it is not essential when the transfer sheet is to be used to produce impressions which are to be reinked.

Pigments, preferably, should not be used since they tend to interrupt the continuity of the resin small amounts, for ex ample, not more than 5 to D The transfer sheets of this invention are particularly suitable for the production of master 79 copies which may be reinked and used in the production of thousands of copies. In this process a thin aluminum sheet having a surface to which water and the transfer composition will both adhere is assembled with the transfer sheet 10 per cent and milled 75 as shown in Fig. 1 and negative impressions If production of a dye-- produced on the back of the aluminum sheet 3 by the keys 4 of a typewriter striking against the front of the aluminum plate backed by the transfer sheet. The aluminum plate containing the negative impression is removed from the typewriter, moistened with water and inked. The water adheres to the surface of the aluminum plate but does not adhere to the negative impression because the negative impressions are composed mainly of materials which are water repellent. The ink adheres to the-negative impression but not to the surface of the plate containing the protective film of water, because the ink is made of a dye carrying composition such as the transfer composition of this invention which is water repellent, but adherent to itself. The metal sheet carrying the inked negative impressions is then contacted with sheets of paper 5 or the like thei eby producing positive copies. By contacting the metal master with an inking and moistening device, followed by copy sheets, there may be produced thousands of clear and distinct copies;

Although the transfer composition and transfer sheets of this invention are particularly" suitable for producing adherent impressions on grained or otherwise prepared water adherent surfaces, metal or otherwise, it is not restricted to such use, but may be used any place where inherent in the invention as broadly as possible, in view of the prior art.

The term oleaginous is used in the specification to mean oily andwaxy materials of a .which it is the intention to claim-all novelty contacting sheet, said transfer composition 'comprising oIeaginous material and, as an agent for promoting adhesion of the composition to a master or like sheet, a hydrocarborrresin obtained by the treatment of an unsaturated petroleum fraction by a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, compatible with said oleaginous material.

3. A transfer sheet adapted for use with pressure or impact instrumentalities in the production of impressions on master sheets for planographic printing, comprising'a base sheet having a coating thereon of a transfer composition which is water-repellent, oil-ink absorbent, and transferable by pressure without heat to. a contacting sheet, said transfer composition comprising paraflin wax and, as an agent for promoting adhesion of the composition to a master or like sheet, ahydrocarbon resin oh- -tained by the treatment of an unsaturated pe'- troleum fraction by a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, compatible with said oleaginous material.

4. A transfer sheet adapted for use with pressure or impact instrumentalities in the production of impressions on master sheets for planographic printing, comprising a base sheet having a coating thereon of a transfer composition which is water repellent, oil-ink absorbent, and transferable by pressure without heat to a contacting sheet, said transfer composition comprising'soya bean oil and,as an agent for promoting adhesion of the composition to a master or like sheet, a hydrocarbon resin obtained by the treatment of an unsaturated petroleum fraction by a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, compatible with said soya bean oil.

5. A transfer sheet adapted for use with pressure or impact in the production of impressions on master sheetsfor planograp'hic printing, comprising a base sheet of paper having a-coating thereon of a composition which is water repellent, oil-ink absorbent and transferable to a metal master sheet by the application of pressure water repellent nature such as soya bean oil,

the mechanical properties thereof, and a hydrocarbon resin obtained by the treatment of an unsaturated petroleum fraction by a FriedeL, Crafts catalyst.

2. A transfer sheet adapted for use with pressure or impact instrumentalities in the produc-- tion of impressions on master sheets for planographic printing, comprising a base sheet having a coating thereon of a transfer composition which is water-repellent, oil-ink absorbent,

and transferable by pressure without heat to a or impact without heat, and which on the master sheet is capable of being inked, contacted directly with copy sheets and re-inked a plurality of times, said composition being composed essentially of paraffin wax and from 10 to 50% of a hydrocarbon resin which is compatible with said paraflin wax.

6. A transfer sheet adapted for use with pressure or impact in the production of impressions on master sheets for planographic printing, comprising a base sheet of paper having a coating thereon of a composition which is water repellent, oil-ink absorbent and transferable to a metal master sheet by the application of pressure or impact without heat, and which on the master sheet is capable ofbeing inked, contacted directly with copy sheets and re-inked a plurality of times, said composition being composed essentially of paraflin wax, carnauba wax, and from 10 to. 50% of a hydrocarbon resin obtained by the treatment of an unsaturated petroleum fraction with a Friedel-Crafts catalyst.

JOHAN BJORKSIEN. WIILIAM J. CHAMPION. 

